1. પરિચય
This manual provides detailed instructions for the setup, configuration, and operation of the DIYmall HC-SR501 PIR IR Motion Sensor and the 1 Channel 5V Relay Module. These components are designed for use in various electronic projects, particularly with microcontrollers like Arduino, to detect motion and control external devices.
2. ઉત્પાદન ઓવરview
The package includes multiple HC-SR501 PIR motion sensors and 1-channel 5V relay modules. The HC-SR501 is a passive infrared sensor that detects changes in infrared radiation, typically caused by the movement of warm bodies. The 1-channel 5V relay module allows a low-voltage microcontroller to switch higher voltage or current loads, acting as an electrical switch.
આકૃતિ 2.1: Four HC-SR501 PIR Motion Sensors. Each sensor features a white dome lens, a green PCB, and adjustment potentiometers.
આકૃતિ 2.2: Three 1 Channel 5V Relay Modules. Each module consists of a blue relay component mounted on a black PCB with screw terminals for connections.
3. સ્પષ્ટીકરણો
3.1 HC-SR501 PIR Motion Sensor
- સંચાલન ભાગtage: ડીસી 4.5V - 20V
- સ્થિર વર્તમાન: <50uA
- આઉટપુટ વોલ્યુમtage: High 3.3V / Low 0V
- ટ્રિગર મોડ: L (Non-repeatable Trigger) / H (Repeatable Trigger)
- વિલંબ સમય: Adjustable (0.5s to 200s, default 5s)
- શોધ કોણ: <120° cone angle
- શોધ અંતર: Adjustable (3m to 7m, default 3m)
- ઓપરેટિંગ તાપમાન: -20°C થી +80°C
3.2 1 Channel 5V Relay Module
- સંચાલન ભાગtage: ડીસી 5 વી
- નિયંત્રણ સંકેત: TTL logic (High level trigger)
- મહત્તમ લોડ: 10A 250VAC / 10A 30VDC
- આઇસોલેશન: ઓપ્ટોકપ્લર આઇસોલેશન
- સૂચક: પાવર એલઇડી, સ્ટેટસ એલઇડી
4. સેટઅપ અને રૂપરેખાંકન
4.1 HC-SR501 PIR Sensor Pinout
The HC-SR501 sensor has three pins for connection:
- VCC: Power supply (DC 4.5V - 20V)
- બહાર: Digital output (3.3V high when motion detected, 0V low when no motion)
- જી.એન.ડી. જમીન
4.2 1 Channel 5V Relay Module Pinout
The relay module has input pins for control and output terminals for the load:
- ઇનપુટ પિન:
- VCC: પાવર સપ્લાય (DC 5V)
- જી.એન.ડી. જમીન
- માં: Control signal input (connect to microcontroller digital output)
- Output Terminals (Screw Terminals):
- ના (સામાન્ય રીતે ખુલે છે): Connected to COM when relay is active.
- NC (સામાન્ય રીતે બંધ): Connected to COM when relay is inactive.
- COM (સામાન્ય): Connect to one side of the load's power source.
આકૃતિ 4.1: ટોચ view of the 1 Channel 5V Relay Module, indicating the VCC, GND, IN pins and the NO, NC, COM screw terminals.
4.3 Adjusting Sensitivity and Delay Time (HC-SR501)
The HC-SR501 sensor has two potentiometers for adjustment:
- Sensitivity Potentiometer: Adjusts the detection distance.
- ટર્નિંગ ઘડિયાળની દિશામાં (જમણે) decreases sensitivity and reduces the detection range (approx. 3 meters).
- ટર્નિંગ ઘડિયાળની દિશામાં (ડાબે) increases sensitivity and extends the detection range (approx. 7 meters).
- Delay Time Potentiometer: Adjusts how long the output remains HIGH after motion is detected.
- ટર્નિંગ ઘડિયાળની દિશામાં (જમણે) increases the delay (up to approx. 5 minutes).
- ટર્નિંગ ઘડિયાળની દિશામાં (ડાબે) decreases the delay (down to approx. 3 seconds).
આકૃતિ 4.2: HC-SR501 potentiometers for adjusting sensitivity and output timing (delay).
આકૃતિ 4.3: Visual guide for adjusting sensitivity and delay on the HC-SR501 sensor.
4.4 Trigger Mode Selection (HC-SR501)
The HC-SR501 has a jumper cap to select between two trigger modes:
- H (Repeatable Trigger Mode): When motion is detected, the output goes HIGH and stays HIGH as long as motion is continuously detected within the delay period. The delay timer resets with each new detection. This is suitable for applications where continuous detection is required, such as automatic lighting.
- L (Single Trigger Mode): When motion is detected, the output goes HIGH for the set delay time and then goes LOW, regardless of whether motion is still present. It will not re-trigger until the delay time has fully elapsed and motion is detected again. This is suitable for applications where a single event trigger is needed.
આકૃતિ 4.4: Explanation of Single Trigger Mode (L) and Repeatable Trigger Mode (H) via jumper setting.
4.5 વાયરિંગ એક્સampલેસ
4.5.1 Connecting HC-SR501 to Arduino
Connect the HC-SR501 sensor to your Arduino board as follows:
- HC-SR501 વીસીસી to Arduino 5V
- HC-SR501 જીએનડી to Arduino જીએનડી
- HC-SR501 બહાર to Arduino Digital Pin (e.g., Pin 2)
4.5.2 Connecting 1 Channel 5V Relay Module to Arduino
Connect the relay module to your Arduino board as follows:
- રિલે મોડ્યુલ વીસીસી to Arduino 5V
- રિલે મોડ્યુલ જીએનડી to Arduino જીએનડી
- રિલે મોડ્યુલ IN to Arduino Digital Pin (e.g., Pin 3)
આકૃતિ 4.5: A 1 Channel 5V Relay Module wired to an Arduino board using jumper wires.
4.5.3 Connecting a Load to the Relay Module
To control an external device (load) with the relay module, follow these general steps. Always exercise caution when working with high voltages. If you are unsure, consult a qualified electrician.
- Disconnect power from the load circuit before wiring.
- Identify the power source and the load (e.g., a light bulb).
- Connect one side of the load's power source (e.g., Live/Phase wire) to the COM terminal of the relay.
- Connect the other side of the load (e.g., one terminal of the light bulb) to either the ના (Normally Open) or NC (Normally Closed) terminal, depending on your desired default state.
- ઉપયોગ કરો ના if you want the load to be OFF by default and turn ON when the relay is activated.
- ઉપયોગ કરો NC if you want the load to be ON by default and turn OFF when the relay is activated.
- Connect the other side of the load (e.g., the other terminal of the light bulb) to the neutral wire of the power source.
આકૃતિ 4.6: Example wiring diagram for connecting a 220V AC load (light bulb) to a relay module. Note the separate power source for the load.
5. ઓપરેટિંગ સૂચનાઓ
Once wired and configured, the HC-SR501 PIR sensor will detect motion and provide a HIGH signal on its OUT pin. This signal can then be read by a microcontroller (like Arduino) to trigger actions, such as activating the relay module.
- પાવર ચાલુ: Apply power to both the sensor and the relay module (typically 5V DC from the microcontroller).
- વોર્મ-અપ પીરિયડ: The HC-SR501 sensor requires a brief warm-up period (approx. 30-60 seconds) after power-on. During this time, it may trigger randomly. Avoid making adjustments or expecting accurate readings during this phase.
- ગતિ શોધ: When motion is detected within the sensor's range, the OUT pin will go HIGH (approx. 3.3V).
- Relay Activation: If the relay module's IN pin receives a HIGH signal (e.g., from the sensor's OUT pin or an Arduino digital output), the relay will switch its state (NO closes, NC opens). The status LED on the relay module will typically illuminate.
- ગોઠવણો: Fine-tune the sensitivity and delay time using the potentiometers as described in Section 4.3 to suit your application's needs.
- ટ્રિગર મોડ: Ensure the jumper is set to the desired trigger mode (H for repeatable, L for single) as described in Section 4.4.
6. જાળવણી
These modules are generally low-maintenance. To ensure optimal performance and longevity:
- સફાઈ રાખો: Ensure the PIR sensor's dome lens is free from dust, dirt, or obstructions, which can affect detection accuracy.
- ભેજ ટાળો: Protect both modules from water and high humidity.
- યોગ્ય પાવર સપ્લાય: Use a stable DC power supply within the specified voltage શ્રેણી.
- શારીરિક સુરક્ષા: Avoid physical impact or excessive force on the components.
- પર્યાવરણીય પરિસ્થિતિઓ: Operate within the specified temperature range. Extreme temperatures can affect performance.
7. મુશ્કેલીનિવારણ
- Sensor Not Detecting Motion:
- Check power connections (VCC, GND).
- Ensure the sensor has completed its warm-up period.
- Adjust sensitivity potentiometer clockwise (increase sensitivity).
- Verify the detection angle and distance are appropriate for the environment.
- ખાતરી કરો કે કોઈ અવરોધો સેન્સરને અવરોધિત કરી રહ્યા નથી view.
- Test the sensor in a different environment to rule out environmental interference (e.g., heat sources).
- False Triggers from Sensor:
- Adjust sensitivity potentiometer counter-clockwise (decrease sensitivity).
- Ensure the sensor is not exposed to direct sunlight, strong air currents, or rapid temperature changes.
- Check for nearby heat sources (e.g., heating vents, electronics) that might cause false positives.
- Ensure the sensor is mounted stably and not vibrating.
- રિલે સ્વિચિંગ નથી:
- Check power connections to the relay module (VCC, GND).
- Verify the control signal (IN pin) from the microcontroller or sensor is correctly providing a HIGH signal when expected.
- Ensure the load is correctly wired to the COM and NO/NC terminals.
- Check if the load itself is functional.
- Confirm the relay's operating voltage matches the supply (5V DC).
- Relay Always ON/OFF:
- Double-check the wiring to the NO/NC terminals. You might have used NC instead of NO, or vice-versa, for your desired default state.
- Verify the control signal logic from your microcontroller.
8. વોરંટી અને સપોર્ટ
વોરંટી માહિતી અથવા તકનીકી સહાય માટે, કૃપા કરીને રિટેલર અથવા ઉત્પાદકના અધિકારીનો સંદર્ભ લો website. Keep your purchase receipt for warranty claims. General support for DIY electronics projects can often be found in online communities and forums dedicated to Arduino and similar platforms.
For more information about DIYmall products, visit the official DIYmall Store on Amazon.
